Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are distinct but related technical disciplines. The term is typically used in the context of education policy or curriculum choices in schools. It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns (as a shortage of STEM-educated citizens can reduce effectiveness in this area), and immigration policy concerning students and tech workers. IHRIM recognizes the field of HR technology as a STEM field. The counterpart of STEM is sometimes referred to as SHAPE or HEAL.
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